Psychology 

Psychological and psychosocial consequences
A cleft can give the child a negative self-esteem. Because they think, for example, their appearance impeded social life. Because of the different facial appearance there is a higher incidence of teasing and bullying. This results in psychosocial distress. Thompson and Kent (2001) pointed out heightened levels and anxiety among those with facial disfigurement. Children who accept their facial appearance have a higher self-esteem than children who do not. Other studies suggest that children with a cleft seems to be generally satisfied and pleased with their facial appearance. But a visible scar or hearing and speech difficulties might have a negative effect on their body image. 

During the child's life, there are several phases in which the cleft can play a crucial role. In the beginning a cleft is more a problem for the parents, not for the baby/toddler. When they grow up they will recognize the differents between themselves and 'healthy' children. On primary school and during puberty the child will experiences more difficulties then before. Their body and appearance is becoming more and more important.